Tellechea was taken into custody early on Sunday morning following an "exhaustive scientific investigation," according to an official statement on Monday.
One of the charges alleges that the former official was involved in "the delivery of the Automated Control and Command System" of the state-owned oil company, Petroleos de Venezuela S.A. (PDVSA), to a company "controlled by the intelligence services" of the United States, reports Xinhua news agency.
The automated system, referred to as the "brain" of PDVSA, plays a critical role in its operations.
Tellechea also served as president of PDVSA from 2023 to 2024 and was appointed minister of industries and national production in August this year, a position from which he was dismissed last Friday.